Article

Lactuca serriola L.

Nomenclature
The Plant List Lactuca serriola L.
GRIN Taxonomy Lactuca serriola L.
Cichorieae Portal Lactuca serriola L.
Tropicos Lactuca serriola L.
Euro+Med Plantbase Lactuca serriola L.


Native distribution
Europe Albania; Austria; Belgium; Belarus; Bosnia & Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Czech Republic; Denmark; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Italy; Liechtenstein; Luxembourg; Macedonia; Malta; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Switzerland; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom
Asia Afghanistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; China; Cyprus; Georgia; India; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Lebanon; Pakistan; Russian Federation; Saudi Arabia; Syria; Tajikistan; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
Africa Algeria; Egypt; Ethiopia; Morocco; Tunisia


Key features
Lettuce gene pool Primary relative
Chromosome number 2n = 18
Habitat Open habitats; disturbed environments
Life history Annual; perennial
Breeding system Autogamous
Flower colour Yellow
EURISCO (Dec. 2017) 1529 accessions


Morphological description
Plant Height 15-250 cm, taproot thin, branched
Stem Stiffly erect, sulcate, straw-coloured, glabrous or in lower part hispid, usually branched in upper half
Stem leaves Narrowly elliptic to obovate, 3-22 cm long, 1.5-10.0 cm wide, pinnatisect to pinnatifid, glabrous except for the spinulose margins and undersurface of midrib, glaucous on both surfaces. Terminal lobe oblong to deltoid, obtuse. Lateral lobes 2-6, oblong, subtruncate. Lower leaves petiole-like attenuate. Middle and upper leaves auriculate with projecting blunt or acute auricles to attenuate
Inflorescence Racemiform in depauperate plants or paniculiform, with more than 50 heads. Peduncle up to 2.5 cm long, often very short, glabrous, covered with bracts. Peduncle bracts obtuse, sagittate or auriculate
Heads 7-50 flowers. Involucre at flowering ovoid or cylindrical, 8-15 mm long, at flowering 3-4 mm in diameter. Outer involucral bracts narrowly ovate, 2-3 mm long, 1.0-1.5 mm wide, subacute. Iinner involucral bracts 8-10 mm long, c. 2 mm wide. Receptacle flat, pitted, naked. Flowers closing before midday. Corolla ligulate, yellow (drying blue), at the apex villose. Tube c. 4 mm long. Ligule c. 5-7 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Anthertube c. 2.5 mm long. Apical appendages obtuse or subacute. Style 6-7 mm long. Branches c. 0.5 mm long
Achenes Obovoid to fusiform in outline, strongly compressed, 2.8-4.2 mm long (without beak), 1.2-1.5 mm wide, scabridulous or shortly pilose, pale brown or olive-grey, with 5-9 ribs on each face, with a filiform beak, ending in a distinct apical disk. Beak 3.0-3.5 mm long, whitish. Pappus white, 3-7 mm long, flexible, remotely scabridulous
Reference Source: Cichorieae Portal - based on Meikle R.D. (1985) Flora auf Cyprus 2. Kew; Sell P. & Murell G. (2006) Flora of Great Britain and Ireland 4. Cambridge